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Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricoidea) of the Western Hemisphere
CJAI 21, July, 2012
doi: 10.3752/cjai.2012.21
Nathan M. Schiff, Henri Goulet, David R. Smith, Caroline Boudreault, A. Dan Wilson, and Brian E. Scheffler

Hosts of New World species of Siricidae are summarized from Cameron (1965), Middlekauff (1960), Ries (1951), Smith (1979) and specimens studied in collections. In the list below we have rearing records of New World Siricidae from 13 plant families and 76 plant species. The host cited is the plant on which the larvae actually fed or the female was found ovipositing, plant species on which adults were found resting are not included. For accidentally introduced siricid species, we consider only host plant records with plant species native or introduced to North America, and host plant genus records from the Palaearctic found also in North America as native or ornamental plant genera. In the “Hosts” section under each species of siricid species treated, we list the plant species attacked and, when possible, we add in parenthesis the number of specimens we have recorded from a given host. We also include published records if we are confident about the accuracy of the published siricid name.

SPECIES INSECT SPECIES COMMENTS
CUPRESSACEAE
Chamaecyparis sp. Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
Cupressus macrocarpa Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Sirex behrensii (Cresson)  
  Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
  Xeris tarsalis (Cresson)  
Juniperus occidentalis Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris tarsalis (Cresson)  
Juniperus scopulorum Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
Calocedrus decurrens Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
  Xeris tarsalis (Cresson)  
Sequoia sempervirens Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
Thuja sp. Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
Thuja occidentalis Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
Thuja plicata Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris) Suspect or rare occurrence
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Xeris tarsalis (Cresson)  
Taxodium distichum Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Urocerus taxodii (Ashmead)  
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PINACEAE
Abies sp. Sirex cyaneus Fabricius  
  Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
  Urocerus sah (Mocsáry) Introduced into eastern North America
  Xeris indecisus (MacGillivray)  
Abies amabilis Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.  
  Sirex varipes Walker  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
Abies balsamea Sirex cyaneus Fabricius  
  Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris) Rare occurrence
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris melancholicus (Westwood)  
Abies concolor Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus flavicornis Fabricius  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
  Xeris morrisoni (Cresson)  
Abies fraseri Sirex cyaneus Fabricius  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
Abies grandis Sirex cyaneus Fabricius Probably Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
Abies lasiocarpa Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.  
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris) Rare occurrence
  Sirex varipes Walker  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
Abies magnifica Sirex cyaneus Fabricius Probably Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.
  Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Sirex varipes Walker  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
Abies nobilis Urocerus californicus Norton  
Cedrus sp. Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
Larix sp. Sirex cyaneus Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius May be misidentified or rare occurrence
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
Larix laricina Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris)  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
Larix occidentalis Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
Picea sp. Sirex nigricornis Fabricius Suspect or rare occurrence
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris)  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius May be misidentified
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
  Urocerus sah (Mocsáry) Introduced into eastern North America
Picea abies Sirex juvencus (Linnaeus) Intercepted specimens, not established
  Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
  Xeris indecisus (MacGillivray)  
Picea engelmannii Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.  
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris)  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
Picea glauca Sirex cyaneus Fabricius  
  Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.  
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris)  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris melancholicus (Westwood)  
Picea mariana Sirex cyaneus Fabricius Occasional
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris)  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
Picea pungens Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris morrisoni (Cresson)  
Picea rubens Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris)  
Picea sitchensis Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.  
  Sirex varipes Walker May not been reared
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
Pinus sp. Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex mexicanus Smith, n. sp. Likely host
  Sirex obesus Bradley  
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
  Urocerus sah (Mocsáry) Introduced into eastern North America
Pinus banksiana Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
Pinus clausa Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
Pinus contorta Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris) Unexpected occurrence
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
Pinus coulteri Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
Pinus echinata Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
Pinus elliottii Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
  Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay, eastern North America
Pinus jeffreyi Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Sirex behrensii (Cresson)  
  Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
Pinus lambertiana Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Sirex behrensii (Cresson)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
Pinus monticola Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
Pinus palustris Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern North America
  Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
Pinus ponderosa Sirex behrensii (Cresson)  
  Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
  Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Sirex xerophilus Schiff, n. sp.  
  Sirex obesus Bradley  
  Sirex varipes Walker  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Xeris caudatus Cresson)  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
Pinus radiata Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Sirex behrensii (Cresson)  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
Pinus resinosa Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
Pinus rigida Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
Pinus strobus Sirex cyaneus Fabricius Suspect or rare occurrence
  Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
Pinus sylvestris Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
  Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
Pinus taeda Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
  Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
Pinus virginiana Sirex nigricornis Fabricius  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
Pseudotsuga menziesii Sirex areolatus (Cresson)  
  Sirex californicus (Ashmead)  
  Sirex longicauda Middlekauff  
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris)  
  Sirex noctilio Fabricius Introduced into New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Uruguay and eastern North America
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Urocerus cressoni Norton  
  Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus gigas (Linnaeus) Introduced into Argentina, Brazil, Chile
  Xeris caudatus (Cresson)  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
  Xeris morrisoni (Cresson)  
Tsuga heterophylla Sirex abietinus Goulet, n. sp.  
  Sirex nitidus (T. W. Harris) Suspect or rare occurrence
  Sirex varipes Walker  
  Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius)  
  Urocerus californicus Norton  
  Xeris indecisus (Macgillivray)  
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ACERACEAE
Acer sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Acer rubrum Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Acer negundo Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
  Tremex fuscicornis (Fabricius) Introduced into Chile
Acer saccharum Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
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BETULACEAE
Carpinus sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
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FABACEAE
Robinia sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Robinia pseudoacacia Tremex fuscicornis (Fabricius)  
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FAGACEAE
Castanea dentata Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Fagus sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Fagus grandifolia Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Quercus sp. Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
  Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Quercus alba Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
Quercus laurifolia Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
Quercus nigra Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
Quercus phellos Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
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HAMAMELIDACEAE
Liquidambar styraciflua Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
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JUGLANDACEAE
Carya sp. Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) Introduced into southeastern United States
  Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Carya illinoensis Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Juglans cinerea Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
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NYSSACEAE
Nyssa sylvatica Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
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OLEACEAE
Fraxinus sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
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PLATANACEAE
Platanus occidentalis Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
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ROSACEAE
Malus sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus) Collected or reared
Pyrus sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus) Collected or reared
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SALICACEAE
Populus sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Populus nigra Tremex fuscicornis (Fabricius) Introduced into Chile
Salix sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
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ULMACEAE
Celtis sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Celtis laevigata Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Celtis occidentalis Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Ulmus sp. Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Ulmus americanus Tremex columba (Linnaeus)  
Ulmus glabra Tremex columba (Linnaeus)