Ips shangrila, frons
Ips shangrila, elytral disc
Ips shangrila, declivity
Ips shangrila, lateral habitus

Scientific Name

Ips shangrila Cognato and Sun, 2007

Diagnostic notes

-Has four spines on the elytral declivity; spine 3 tapered and connected to similarly sized spine 2 by swollen base; elytral disc with interstriae punctate throughout. Morphological summary and key allow interpretation of this species as either having three spines with spine 2 emarginate, or having four simple spines with spines 2 and 3 sharing tumescence.
-Frons with central tubercle weak or absent; central carina absent; epistomal edge with row of tubercles interrupted near middle. 
-Some specimens may not be possible to distinguish from females of I. duplicatus by external morphology.

Morphological Summary

sexes combined
Body. 3.0-4.0 mm long, 2.4-2.7 times longer than wide; pronotum 1.0-1.1 times longer than wide.
Head. Epistomal margin with uniseriate row of tubercles with elongate mesal tubercle or with gap at midline. Frons outline convex in lateral view; vestiture fine (not hiding part of integument); surface sculpture near epistoma densely tuberculate-punctate or with isolated tubercles; central carina absent; central tubercle present and single, separated from base of epistomal setae by 2-4(-5) tubercle diameters, without pair of circular tubercles on either side of midline; transverse carina absent; frons central fovea absent; circular tubercles above top of eyes present - up to, or more than one third of all tubercles. Vertex and pronotum without stridulatory apparatus (pars stridens). Antennal club sutures bisinuate.
Prothorax. Protibiae with three or four socketed teeth on apical half (does not include apical spine).
Elytra. Interstriae punctate (observed on interstriae 2 and 3 on middle third of elytral disc), punctures 0.3-0.7 times diameter of adjacent strial punctures (punctures and striae measured at steepest part of puncture wall), interstrial setae longer than width of scutellar shield, interstriae 3-5 times as wide as adjacent striae. Elytral declivity with three or four spines per side, spine 2 or 3 largest; spine 1 (largest on 2nd interstria) closer to suture than spine 2; spines 1 and 2 separated at base by distance greater than height of spine 1; spine 2 closer to spine 3 than spine 1; spine 3 tapered or emarginate, apex acute or right-angled, with apical half symmetrical in lateral view; spines 2 and 3 on shared tumescence, in line with spines 1 and 4 (posterodorsal view); declivital integument shiny.

Geographic Distribution

China (Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan).

Hosts

Picea spp. Principally P. crassifolia.

Notes

Sister species of I. amatinus, see Cognato and Sun (2007).

References

Cognato, A.I.2015. Biology, systematics, and evolution of Ips. In Bark beetles: biology and ecology of native and invasive species. Edited by F.E. Vega and R.W. Hofstetter. Elsevier, San Diego, California. Pp. 351–370.

Knížek M. 2011. Scolytinae. In Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 7. Edited by I. Löbl and A. Smetana. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark,  Pp. 204–251.